张玉光¹，王炜林²， 胡松梅²，田晓阳³，刘庆国⁴

ZHANG Yu-guang¹, WANG Wei-lin², HU Song-mei², TIAN Xiao-yang³, LIU Qing-guo⁴

1.北京自然博物馆，北京 100050；2.陕西省考古研究院，陕西 西安 710054；

3.广东省地质科学研究所，广东 广州 510080；4中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所，北京 100044

1. Beijing Nature History Museum, Beijing 100050, China;  2. Archaeological research institute of Shaanxi Province，Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China;  3. Institute of Geological Sciences of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China;  4. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China

摘要：记述了1997年在陕西华县泉护村遗址发掘过程中首次在这里发现的全新世猛禽类标本，通过分类学的对比研究，这些标本被鉴定为苍鹰左尺骨、雕右跗跖骨和雕鸮右跗跖骨。这在先前陕西境内其他一些遗址中猛禽类的发现记载是少有的。它对于研究泉护村遗址的古环境、古气候变化以及推测遗址中出现的以猛禽类为题材的陶鸮鼎、隼形陶饰及陶器上出现的彩绘鸟纹提供了实物参考，并成为进一步了解全新世时期古人生活特点的依据。

关键词：陕西省；泉护村遗址；猛禽类；全新世

Discovery and Significance of the Raptatores Specimens from the Holocene of the Quanhu Village Site in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province

Abstract: The raptatore specimens of the Holocene were discovered for the first time during the excavation at the Quanhu village site in Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province in 1997. A left ulna of Accipiter gentiles, a right tarsomentatarsus of Aquila sp. and a right tarsomentatarsus of Bubo bubo have been recognized from the specimens by the taxonomical comparison. This kind of discovery was unusual in the record of raptatores discovered from other sites within the territory of Shaanxi Province. It provides the referential materials for the research of the palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate changing in Quanhu village site, for the reference pattern of the colorful bird drawing, of which the raptatores were subject matters, appearing on the pottery tripod of owl, decorated pottery of hawk and earthenware unearthed at sites, and for the substantial evidence, on which the characteristics of the ancient life in Holocene could be found out further.

Key words: Shaanxi Province; Quanhu village site; Raptatores; Holocene

图1 陕西华县泉护村遗址的地理位置

Fig. 1 Geographic position of the Quanhu village site of Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province

图2 苍鹰左尺骨（H86D:1）的特征  Fig. 2  Left ulna of Accipiter gentilis （H86D:1）

图3 雕右跗跖骨对比  A: H74①D:1标本；B: 现生雕右跗跖骨

Fig. 3 The comparison of right tarsomentatarsus of Aquila sp. A: H74①D:1 specimen B: right tarsomentatarsus of recent Aquila sp. 

图4 雕鸮右跗跖骨对比  A: H18D:1标本 A′: H18D:1标本远端腹视B: 雕鸮右跗跖骨 B′: 雕鸮右跗跖骨远端腹视

Fig. 4 The comparison of right tarsomentatarsus of Bubo bubo  A: H18D:1 specimen  A′: H18D:1 distal end posterior view  B: right tarsomentatarsus of Bubo bubo   B′: distal end posterior view of right tarsomentatarsus of Bubo bubo

图5华县泉护村遗址出土的隼形陶饰和陶鸮鼎

Fig. 5 Decorated pottery of Hawk and pottery tripod of Owl from the Quanhu village site in Huaxian County

发表于《地质通报》2009，28（6）：753-757